Attachment Theory In Pregnancy - 815 Words

Over the last two decades, multiple studies that have examined the stability of attachment classification from infancy have shown significant discrepancies between the rates of continuity, particularly among the low and high-risk groups, as well as, greater rates of discontinuity among middle-risk groups. Waters et al (2000) administered 12-month-old low-risk infants with the Strange Situation Task in a twenty-year longitudinal study and reported a stability rate of 64%, whereas, Aikins, Howes and Hamilton (2009) via similar procedures demonstrated the stability rate of attachment categories among low-risk infants were only 25%. An explanation for these differences may be due to sample sizes or measurement errors, however the interrater†¦show more content†¦This discontinuity of attachment classifications has been attributed to individuals that have experienced high levels of life stress after one year of age, such as parental divorce, parental depression/hospitalization, de ath of a parent, abuse by a family member, etc. These variables are especially prevalent among disadvantaged groups living in poverty, who experiences greater life stress consistently. Hence, negative life events can cause changes in the quality of caregiving and alter the dynamics of the family, which impacts the stability of attachment relationship from infancy onwards. Therefore, it is the caregiver’s behaviour and the environmental factors surrounding the individual that shapes the stability and change in attachment styles rather than age such as one year. This also supports Bowlby’s attachment theory which highlights both stability and change, hence, it can be concluded infant attachment styles (as measured by the Ainsworth Strange Situation Task) isn’t permanent and can change even after the first year of life. Overall, this emphasises the importance of caregiver-child relationship and their effect on the socio-emotional development of children. The developmental psychological model outlined by Schore (1999), clearly demonstrates secure parental-child attachment is linked to better cognitive and behavioural outcome for theShow MoreRelatedAttachment And Its Effects On Children s Life1025 Words   |  5 PagesAttachment starts to develop since the women’s pregnancy, during this stage of human development the female starts to cultivate emotional attachment to the fetus. The method in which attachment is formed during gestation will eventually affect or enhance the child stance during pregnancy or even after birth. Attachment can be defined as the manner in which an infant creates an emotional connection between specific members. Attachment can be clearly detected, especially with the persons who are closerRead MoreMaternal Fetal Attachment Theory Essay659 Words   |  3 PagesAttachme nt theory was developed by psychoanalyst John Bowlby in the 1950s to focus on the bond formed between a mother and child; this first relationship is critical in determining a child’s developmental outcome and it is indicative of the child’s future relationships (Brooks, 2013). A parent and child can develop a secure attachment or fall into one of three insecure attachment styles: anxious-avoidant attachments, anxious-resistant attachments, and disorganized/disoriented attachments. ChildrenRead MoreSylvia And Deborah Case Study1187 Words   |  5 Pagescome from a disconnect with attachment during the early stages of Deborah’s life. 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Since Bowlby’s (1969) theory, describing the importance of developing an attachment for successful emotional and social development, other researchers have theorised that not forming attachments affects individuals, including their possible development of mental health issues. Researchers have replicated Ainworths and Wittig’s (1969) Strange Situation experiment, using the results for